As a result, these families all own a large area of land at a very low level, but it is very difficult for farmers to leave the land uncultivated. It is also very simple. While working hard to cultivate as much land as possible, ordinary people call on friends and relatives to share their benefits with their relatives, so they invite their clans, fellow villagers and friends from China to share their inexhaustible land with their relatives and friends, and of course, they quietly sublet it to themselves to attract new immigrants, which has contributed to this practice.
As a result, in ten years, Lao company has recruited 100 thousand family immigrants from big cities.
A large number of people are still mainly engaged in grain planting, vegetable and fruit production, but California is sparsely populated, and it is impossible to consume too much agricultural products with a total population of more than 700 thousand
In addition, after the economic crisis in 173, many people in the affluent areas of the Pearl River Delta also emigrated, and many of them were sericulturists. When they came to California, they found that there was also a sericulture industry in California, and some housewives kept silkworms in their homes. These immigrants from Shunde and Nanhai, where silkworms were produced, quickly extended sericulture technology to the whole immigrant area.
Silkworm industry was transferred from white people in California to local Chinese, and it soon became accustomed to being small, so women turned silkworm industry into a huge industry in the California Delta.
California’s silkworm industry can not only meet the export of silkworm eggs, but also have surplus cocoons that need not be hatched and bred, but they have been reeling at home by hand in the past two years. When the scale of silkworm is getting bigger and bigger, some businessmen finally see the business opportunities and decide to import the mature machine reeling industry from large scale.
No one expected that a businessman would completely change the trajectory of Chinese immigrants. Because of the large demand for silkworm cocoons by machine reeling, the local people were pushed to expand the mulberry planting area and sericulture scale. Anyway, the land could not be cultivated. Fortunately, the wife and children at home could beat the sericulture workers, and planting mulberry produced greater labor demand, attracting more immigrants.
In the past, after the labor export company finished this two million mu of land, it was worried that it would be weak to attract family immigrants. However, after the big businessmen introduced the silk reeling industry, it greatly promoted the development of the local sericulture industry.
Silkworm industry is a labor-intensive industry, and China and Japan finally have an advantage in the silk reeling industry because both countries are countries with surplus labor, and the sericulture industry in China, Jiangnan region and Pearl River Delta region has the best development. Apart from climatic conditions, the most important thing is that these areas are the most densely populated.
Grain planting is a labor-intensive industry, and rice planting is more intensive than wheat planting, while the labor density of silkworm industry is three times that of rice planting.
If wheat is planted extensively without intensive cultivation, a strong worker can cultivate 30 mu of land. In California, a labor company can attract 70,000 farmers at most, and their families are only more than 100,000. If a person can cultivate 10 mu of rice at most, it can attract 200,000 families to support 400,000 to 500,000 people, but if it is silkworm, it may attract one million people.
Compared with grain production, the finest mulberry fish pond in the Pearl River Delta is digging pond mud and fertile fields to raise fish every year, which is all heavy physical labor. The workers who plant mulberry and pick mulberry leaves in the pond foundation are also men. Men have to dig ponds, raise fish, dig pond mud, plant mulberry and pick leaves, etc., which are very labor-intensive. Women raise silkworms, reel silk and weave thick crops. On average, a family only manages three or five acres of land at most.
In this way, 2 million mu of land can attract 400 thousand families with a population of more than 1 million, which is not difficult.
If the climate is formed and the silk reeling industry is developed, the factory will be able to attract more labor by reeling and weaving.
Labor export company noticed this change for the first time, and found that after the immigrants from Pearl River Delta brought in, they dug the usually deserted low-lying land into ponds to plant mulberry and sericulture at the pond foundation, and then they recruited more relatives and friends by themselves. Because the mulberry fish pond mode of digging ponds, raising fish and planting mulberry is not a one-family mode of production, it is rooted in the clan organization mode of production in the local society of China. To carry out mulberry fish pond industry, it is necessary for Qi Xin to cooperate with each other, and it is only when the government comes forward to organize labor to strengthen the river bank that the conditions are formed.
When it was seen that there was hope to attract more immigrants, Lao Company immediately organized labor instead of the government to reinforce the embankment on a large scale and build a new canal to take water from the abundant Sacramento River and the San Joaquin River to help immigrants develop the Sangji fish pond industry.
As a result, the Sangji fish pond in the Pearl River Delta quickly developed in the California Delta, and the demand for labor in the Sangji fish pond industry attracted more large immigrants, which eventually led to the upsurge of immigration to California after 173 years.
However, there is no limit to the development of sericulture in California. In just three years, the local raw silk market is saturated. There are several local German immigrants who run silk weaving factories, which can’t consume much raw silk. Even if local Chinese immigrants are encouraged to set up weaving and thickening factories, there is no condition. Because California has such a small population, several silk factories have already satisfied the market.
However, Lloyd’s found that the silk weaving industry in the eastern part of the United States is very developed. According to the sea data, the annual import of raw silk exceeds 1,000 tons, and the value is as high as 10 million dollars. However, the raw silk imported from the United States mainly comes from China, Japan and Italy. If California raw silk can be transported to the eastern part of the United States to occupy this huge market, the production scale of raw silk in California will be further expanded.
The expansion of raw silk production can attract more immigrants, but to transport California raw silk to the eastern United States, it needs to bypass South America from the Pacific Ocean, which takes more time and transportation than transporting it from China to the eastern United States, not to mention comparing it with European raw silk.
Unless the railway connecting the east and the west can be built, the labor export company thinks that the raw silk industry in California has come to an end, and the silkworm industry is saturated in the agricultural market, and the labor export company thinks that the great immigration boom has come to an end
Based on this judgment, Wu Chongyao, who personally manages the foreign company of the labor export company, suggested that the labor export company should contribute money to help the troubled Pacific Railway rebuild and strive to open this super railway that Americans dream of in two or three years.
After the completion of the Pacific Railway, the immigration from the eastern part of the United States to the western part will be greatly reduced. At that time, a large number of poor European immigrants will move from the eastern part of the United States to the western part to compete with the big immigrants for life and life, and then the anti-Chinese movement will break out.
The former Zhu Jinglun tried his best to block the construction of the Pacific Railway, and finally the railway was not completed before the American financial crisis broke out in 173. Because of this economic crisis, it was mainly caused by American railway speculation, and the explosion point was that the North Taiping Railway issued 100 million US dollars of bonds, which dragged down the American financial giant Jay Cook and led to the bankruptcy of thousands of American companies.
The most serious crisis is the American railway industry. Almost from the outbreak of the crisis in 173, American railway construction has come to a standstill, and the Pacific railway project has also fallen into an embarrassing situation of suspension.
It’s not just the Pacific Railway Company that stopped working. Most of the railways under construction in the United States are either bankrupt or abandoned. It’s rare to see normal industrial railways in the whole United States.
Zhu Jinglun tried his best to fight against a rogue capitalist like Stanford, and the result was that he blocked the railway. Now Wu Chongyao wants Lao Company to help build the railway, which really bothers Zhu Jinglun.
However, Wu Chongyao has a good reason. This east-west railway in the United States can really promote California’s industrial development, and California’s economic development is bound to require more labor. Immigrants from the eastern United States can enter here, and large immigrants can also enter here
It is obviously a waste of food because of fear of white people’s anti-Chinese sentiment and making large immigrants lose their motivation to emigrate.
Zhu Jinglun can rebuild this railway by himself for no reason. It is really awkward in his heart. After carefully weighing the pros and cons, Zhu Jinglun decided to invest and continue to promote the railway construction, but he must get enough benefits from this railway construction.
Zhu Jinglun’s plan is to buy a large number of shares in this railway and then connect with it. His share price will inevitably skyrocket and then sell it and make a fortune.
Section five hundred and ninety-five The fate of the Pacific Railway
Wu Chongyao immediately started to work on the project. It is not easy to acquire this railway according to the report of the American newspaper, but it is not difficult to become a major shareholder of this railway.
First, the Pacific Railway is jointly built by two major railway companies. The western section is built and operated by the Central Pacific Railway Company, which is familiar to China people. The eastern section is built and operated by the United Pacific Railway Company.
The eastern section was built from Omaha, Brass, California to the west, while the western section was built from Sacramento to the east. Compared with the western section of Omaha’s western plain, it was directly through the steep Wada Mountains from the beginning. Irish laborers with weak employment were built normally according to the law. Later, the Central Pacific Railway Company tried to hire Chinese workers, and their lives successfully piled up a railway line crossing mountains and canyons.
However, in Zhu Jinglun, the Chinese laborers were regarded as coolies, and they liberated the Irish. As a result, the project construction was difficult, which led to the financial crisis of the railway company. Finally, the major shareholder Stanford broke his wrist and sold his shares to the competitor Union Pacific Railway Company.
Therefore, this railway was actually monopolized by the Union Pacific Railway Company.
Unlike the Central Pacific Railway Company, which was founded by a California giant, the United Pacific Railway Company was chartered by the United States federal government, mainly by President Lincoln through the Pacific Railway Construction Act. This company is too political, and many shareholders are members of various States and even members of Congress, so it is too politically constrained to buy this railway company.
Lincoln set up this company in the hope that the United Pacific Railway Company could compete with the Central Pacific Railway Company. The federal government and President Lincoln didn’t want to see California tycoons monopolize this railway. Their plan was perfect, and then some special policies forced the two railway companies to compete with each other. Whoever can repair quickly will have more subsidized land on both sides of the railway and will get more wealth in the future.
At the same time, the federal government also gives financial support to allow railway companies to issue bonds, but the amount of bonds must be proportional to the length of the railway construction, that is to say, whoever repairs it faster, the faster the bonds will be, and the lower the capital will be. Stanford controlled the Central Pacific Railway because it was too slow to get financial subsidies, and finally had to sell its shares before bankruptcy.
Lincoln didn’t think that he really made the two companies compete fiercely, but in this era of the United States, rogue capitalists obviously won’t be so diligent and get rich. The United Pacific Railway Company was caught in a corruption scandal from the beginning. There were a group of rogue capitalist shareholders in this company who secretly set up another construction company and then contracted the project to this company, and the bill was guaranteed by the federal government.
In fact, it is equivalent to cheating money from the government, but this company has a deep background. First, the federal government promoted the establishment of a large number of politicians among shareholders, and the officials and businessmen took all the money to prevent the government from investigating. These rogue shareholders sold railway stocks to members of Congress at extremely low prices and successfully shut out the judicial review. Even US Vice President Colefax collected a large number of railway stocks at that time. Since then, President-elect james garfield has also been involved.
As early as the early days of railway construction, the scandal broke out once, which aroused public anger. At this time, it was during the Civil War that the company stopped working, and the railway workers joined the American army to fight against the Confederate army in the south before the railway was built again.
Like the Central Pacific Railway, the United Pacific Railway Company mainly employs Irish workers for construction, but it is different from the plight of the Central Pacific Railway Company. Although the Irish workers of the United Pacific Railway Company also have bad temper, love to drink and love to fight, they have just experienced the war and developed discipline in the war, so that they can avoid the tragedy of Irish workers caused by the Western Central Pacific Railway.
The chief engineer and management of the project are retired generals, and the Pacific Ocean continues to manage employees. The scouts determine the route at the forefront, the advance troops then build the roadbed, and then the main force lays sleepers.
In the militarized management, the United Pacific Railway Company did not collapse like the Central Pacific Railway Company. Even after it was built in Huada Mountain Area, the progress of the project became slow, but it was still going on in an orderly manner. It is really difficult to repair here, but it is really dangerous, but it can be filled with many people’s lives.
But the problem is that they just entered the Huada Mountain in 169, one year later, after all, at this time, they encountered a huge problem, that is, crossing the main peak tunnel of Huada. The Chinese dug 13 tunnels here, each of which was six or seven thousand feet halfway up the mountain. It snowed heavily in September, and it took less than half a year to work normally every year.
Even Irish laborers who have received military training are less disciplined than Chinese laborers, especially in the face of danger. They are determined not to do dangerous work. At that time, Chinese people could hang from the cliffs on the top of the mountain, dig holes in steep rock walls and place explosives, and then detonate them. Irish people thought it was too dangerous to do it. Only when the railway company offered a huge reward did someone take the risk.
But they are still too slow. In those days, Chinese people rushed to work, ate and lived in tunnels, and in winter, when heavy snow closed the mountain, they lived in cold caves to continue to work. However, the Irish disagreed that they worked for six months a year and the real construction period was less than five months.
As a result, they didn’t get through these tunnels for three years, but they got through here when South China University of Technology took two years. This scene is exactly the same as that of the later China construction team, and it is so efficient that westerners can imagine it.
By September 173, there were still three difficult tunnels in the joint Pacific Railway Company project, including Lasailing Tunnel and Huada No.6 Tunnel, donner pass Tunnel, Lasailing Tunnel. A nano-railway should be pulled out of the mountain wall to cross the subgrade. Huada No.6 Tunnel runs through the main peak and is made of granite, so that explosives can progress several inches every day.
At this time, they have no chance to connect these three tunnels. Because of the railway crisis in the United States, Jay Cook, the largest bond company in the United States, was dragged down by bankruptcy. After the war, American railway fanaticism involved people’s capital in railway construction. This economic crisis caused by the railway crisis has plunged the whole United States into a long depression.
It was not until 10 years ago that Morgan helped the North Pacific Railway to successfully finance and build the railway again.
But the United Pacific Railway Company is not so lucky. This railway company is full of hooligans and tycoons. Thomas Duran is the most powerful and vice president of the company. Although he is the vice president, he actually controls the company, and the president of the company is often held up as a flag by this group of capitalists, such as Adams.
As a result, this Thomas saw the railway crisis in this year, and he sold all the shares of Union Pacific Railway Company himself. After three years of decline, the market value of the whole railway company has become junk stock, and people have invested hundreds of millions of dollars in the railway, which has become a pile of junk assets. The whole Union Pacific Railway Company is on the verge of bankruptcy.
